The Philosophy Of Descartes On The Affirmative, And John...

Are ideas innate or not? First, I will present the debate on innate ideas as argued by Descartes on the affirmative, and John Locke on the negative. Descartes view that we do indeed have innate ideas which comes from his meditations concerning the idea of god. While Locke would argue that we do not have innate ideas and that is rooted in his belief that all knowledge is a result of our experiences. Descartes was a French philosopher who was a rationalist. Rationalists believe that all ideas are innate. What this means is that we have all truths already in our minds from birth, and we do not need to take in any information from the outside world to know what is truth. In his book Meditations on First Philosophy Descartes tries to prove that we do have innate ideas. He does so through his mediations on god and wax. Descartes states that all human beings make mistakes, this is shown when he says â€Å"The senses do sometimes deceive us† (Cress 1993,14). Descartes is saying that we can be incorrect in our judgments when we use our senses. We may see someone from afar and believe the to be our friend Jane, but once that person comes closer we realize that it was not Jane but someone else entirely. Thus we have made a mistake. Our senses gather information from the outside world and thus not an innate idea. Descartes argued that when human beings make mistakes like this we are imperfect. When he says human beings are imperfect he is stating that we will not be 100% correct 100%Show MoreRelatedThe Origin, Development and Significance of Human Rights10255 Words   |  42 Pages(including the materialism of Hobbes, the rationalism of Descartes and Leibniz, the pantheism of Spinoza, and the empiricism of Bacon and Locke) encouraged a belief in natural law and universal order; and during the 18th century, the so-called Age of Enlightenment, a growing confidence in human reason and in the perfectibility of human affairs led to the more comprehensive expression o f this belief. Particularly important were the writings of John Locke, arguably the most important natural-law theoristRead MoreOrganizational Behaviour Analysis28615 Words   |  115 Pageselements taken more broadly from areas such as anthropology and ethnography, as well as occasional incursions from economics, political ‘science’, and industrial relations. There are also some elements taken from the arts and humanities such as philosophy, history and (very controversially) literary and art criticism. It is, then, a broad field which, to add to the confusion, also goes under several different names, some of which you will encounter when reading texts on the subject. The two mainRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pagesmarketing and sales staff. More than one hundred instructors reviewed parts or all of Organizational Behavior, Fifteenth Edition. Their comments, compliments, and suggestions have significantly improved the final product. The authors wish to thank John D. Kammeyer-Mueller of the University of Florida for help with several key aspects of this revision. The authors would also like to extend their sincerest thanks to the following instructors: Lee Boam, University of Utah Andres Johnson, Santa Clara

Dr. Brooks Works At Two Different Medical Offices ( Mo1...

Dr. Brooks works at two different medical offices (MO1 and MO2). He demands to have access to patient information from both locations at any time. He wants to use his personal laptop to access the EHR and resources for both offices. Solution 1 Set Dr. Brooks up with a network account under each active directory domain: have him log in to whichever one he needs access to at the time. Although he may be physically working from MO1, he will likely still need to access resources from MO2 and vice versa. This solution would involve creation of trust relationships between domains in the MO forest. The administrator will create a transitive trust between MO1 and MO2.The MO1 where Dr.Brooks sits would be the parent domain and the MO2 will be the child domain in the MO active directory forest. The MO2 will automatically share resources with MO1 domain by default with authenticated users in both domains. Dr. Brook will thus be able to access resources from both MO1 and MO2 medical offices. This solution set up eradicates the hardware dependence as Dr.Brooks can log in from a different laptop or desktop in the network. Depending on the access controls assigned on him by the trusting domain he can access folders, files and virtual containers. An authentication authority is responsible for the computer and user identity verification. An information security benchmark model (CIA) an acronym for information Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability can be used to evaluate the solution

An Essay on the Views of Booker T Washington Free Essays

Born a slave, Booker T. Washington rose to become a commonly recognized leader of the Negro race in America. Washington continually strove to be successful and to show other black men and women how they too could raise themselves. We will write a custom essay sample on An Essay on the Views of Booker T Washington or any similar topic only for you Order Now Washington†s method of uplifting was education of the head, the hand, and the heart. From his founding of the Tuskegee Institute in 1881 to his death in 1915 Booker T. Washington exerted a tremendous influence on the people that surrounded him. With his emphasis on industrial education Washington†s approach gave African-Americans hope of accomplishment and success. Growing up in Franklin County, Virginia, Booker was a young slave living on a plantation in a cold, dismal cabin with his mother being the plantation cook. He struggled through the hardships not unlike all the other slaves in the country. Booker T. Washington did not know his own father, which sounds very terrible, but was nothing unusual to young children of enslaved mothers. However Booker†s thoughts and feelings were different from what you†d suspect. Booker states, † I do not find especial fault with him (his father). He was simply another unfortunate victim of the institution which the Nation unhappily had engrafted upon it at the time. â€Å"(4) Booker T. Washington was engulfed in labor throughout his adolescence and young boyhood days, joining his step-father in working in salt furnaces and coal-mines after the civil war. Of course the labor force in this country was predominately slaves, and after the civil war black people were paid little money to do some of the same work. The whole machinery of slavery was constructed as to cause labor, as a rule, to be looked upon as a sign of degradation and inferiority. The slave system took the spirit of self-reliance and self-help out of white people. Again, Booker T. Washington†s thoughts about the labor of black people differ from a traditional view. Washington feels that many white boys and girls never mastered a single trade or special line of productive industry. All the cooking, cleaning, everything was done by slaves, so when freedom came blacks were well off to begin a life of their own. Except for book-learning and ownership of property, Washington felt positively of the long term investment made from all that hard labor. Washington envisioned a future for Black America where their hard work would earn them the respect of whites and pave the way for equality between the races. Washington had success on his mind for his whole life. There is not a moment in his life where he did not think of achieving a goal that would make him more successful and a better person. He used to picture in his mind how he would climb from the bottom of the ladder and one day be on the top, despite his race. He did envy the white boy as you would think in his early part of his life, but once again his view changed from what is considered normal in my opinion. Washington states, † I have learned that success is to be measured not so much by the position that one has reached in life as by the obstacles which he has overcome while trying to succeed. â€Å"(27) Washington felt that a Negro youth must work harder and must perform his tasks even better than a white youth in order to secure recognition, and in that also gaining more strength and confidence than a white youth. Booker T. Washington was infatuated with learning ever since his childhood slave days. His intense desire to learn enabled him to master a Webster â€Å"blue-back† spelling book, and even led him to move ahead the hands of a clock at work so that he could get to his night school on time. Washington had a goal to go to Hampton where he can get a descent education, and his hard work and long journey paid off when he got admitted their due to his cleaning abilities. This was an example of what I had stated earlier in that some of the labors he had done in his life as a slave and a worker paid off. At Hampton Washington met the principal, General Armstrong, and because of Mr. Armstrong, Washington saw the ideal he was to strive for, Washington said, † the noblest, rarest human being that it has ever been my privilege to meet. â€Å"(36) Washington was inspired by educational work and felt that General Armstrong was one of the men and women who went into the Negro schools at the close of the war to assist in lifting up his race. The greatest benefit in my mind that Washington received from Hampton was his attitude toward education which changed form the common idea that education would free one from manual labor, to love of labor, self-reliance, and usefulness, an unselfishness that strives to do the most to make others useful and happy. When Washington experienced this himself, he could take what he learned and lead others through more practical education. The Reconstruction period from 1867-1878 helped fuel an urge that Washington had to educate his race. He felt that blacks throughout the South looked to the Federal Government for everything, just like a child needing its mother. Also, that the Reconstruction policy, so far as it related to blacks, was in a large measure on a false foundation. Washington states, † In many cases it seemed to me that the ignorance of my race was being used as a tool with which to help white men into office. â€Å"(56) He felt that â€Å"general political agitation drew the attention of our people away from the more fundamental matters of perfecting themselves in the industries at their doors and in securing property. (56) In July of 1881, when the Tuskegee Institute for colored people opened, Booker T. Washington was asked to be the principle. Washington tried to expand as much as possible during the years of the school, he wanted to accommodate as many kids as possible and in order to do that the school needed to be bigger, so he put the kids to work, building the school and stressing the importance of work to the kids. Washington felt the value of this work for self-confidence, esteem and disciplined conduct was immense. How likely would a student write his initials on a wall if an older student next to him told him that he had built that wall. Washington felt Industrial education was a foundation. From it would come the professional positions of responsibility, wealth, and leisure. His way was to combine industrial training with mental and moral culture. He observed that the need to take care of one†s body and property and to have an economic foundation was more important than memorizing facts and readings of Latin and Greek. That†s why Washington stressed cleanliness, personal neatness, also housekeeping and mechanical skills. Through proper training of head, hand, and heart, Tuskegee could develop teachers and leaders who would go out to people and change their lives. Industrial education had three functions: First, black students could work to pay their expenses at school. Secondly they could develop skills that would be of economic value when they left school. Third, and most important, was to teach economy, thrift, the dignity of labor, and provide a strong moral backbone. Booker T. Washington had visions of equality for the black and white race, but his visions were somewhat different from that of the norm. He wanted to build up the black race slowly, knowing that equality was not to be achieved overnight. He taught blacks the power of knowledge and hard work to which they could gain a respect from their former masters of this country, and prove to them that they could live together and help out each other. He didn†t want to be better than the white man, he didn†t even dislike the white man, he just wanted to prove to the white man that a black man can have just as good of a heart. Washington took the positive factors out of everything in life, whether good or bad, and paved the way for a non-segregated country. He has no remorse for anything that has happened to his race, infect he says it best when he states, â€Å"Ever since I have been old enough to think for myself, I have entertained the idea that, notwithstanding the cruel wrongs inflicted upon us, the black man got nearly as much out of slavery as the white man did. â€Å"(13) How to cite An Essay on the Views of Booker T Washington, Essays

Our Commitment To Net Neutrality Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Our Commitment To Net Neutrality. Answer: Introduction The name of this news article is Our commitment to net neutrality. This article says about the rule of EU regarding net neutrality that was applied on the month of April in the year 2016. It has followed the EU Regulation. According to this article this regulation is considered to be a great achievement for a market called Digital Single Market (Open Internet, 2017). This concept of net neutrality allows the users of internet to get access to the type of web content that. They can even distribute the content of the web as per their choices. The rules of EU regarding the neutrality of net make sure that, same provisions are applied across the entire Europe. Net neutrality principle is regarding no throttling or blocking of the web content, services as well as applications (Bourreau, Kourandi Valletti, 2015). This article gives a clear idea about what net neutrality is. This net neutrality gives the European the permission to access open internet. The Internet Service Providers are no t allowed to discriminate internet traffic. This rule will treat all the internet traffic in an equal manner. NRAs will make sure that internet access quality will reflect the technological advancements. NRA will take necessary measures so that end users get to enjoy the access to open internet and get good service quality. This article discusses and assesses net neutrality in terms of the four main classical theories of ethics. The net neutrality is assessed in terms of Utilitarianism, Deontology, Virtue ethics and Contract theory. Utilitarianism Theory The Utilitarianism Theory of ethics says that an act or social policy is morally permissible only if it provides happiness to maximum of the people. It focuses on the consequences of an activity or policy. If it generates happiness among the maximum number of people then it is considered to be ethically correct (Broad, 2014). Net neutrality will allow the users to access the open internet freely. They will not be prevented from accessing any website. This will help the society to grow and develop. They will be able to generate more ideas. The society will improve its creativity and technological development perspectives. Internet is the connection of networks. It is not owned by any particular individual or group. According to this theory, the Internet Service Providers do not have the right to discriminate any content or deny the access to a particular group of users. The act of net neutrality is supported by the Utilitarianism Theory because it will give happiness to a large societ y (Ross, 2013). When people will be able to access the internet without any problem then they will be updated about the recent trends and technologies. It will make communication very simple and easy for them. As a result the net neutrality act will spread happiness in Europe. Therefore it can be said that according to the Utilitarianism Theory, this act of net neutrality is morally and ethically correct as it will generate happiness among a large number of people and an entire society. The Utilitarianism theory is in favour of this act of net neutrality. Deontology Theory The Deontology Theory of ethics says that if people follow their duties and responsibilities in a proper manner then it is an ethical act (Vaughn, 2015). This theory does not deal with the consequences of an act or social policy. It does not depend on the happiness of maximum number of people. The net neutrality act means that there will not be any type of discrimination (Baynes, 2013). The act of discrimination is not ethical. The service providers should not have the power to prevent access to several competitor applications. If net neutrality is not provided then ethical duty will not be carried out properly because discrimination is not morally correct. This net neutrality gives the European the permission to access open internet (Krmer, Wiewiorra Weinhardt, 2013). The Internet Service Providers are not allowed to discriminate internet traffic. This rule will treat all the internet traffic in an equal manner. NRAs will make sure that internet access quality will reflect the tech nological advancements. NRA will take necessary measures so that end users get to enjoy the access to open internet and get good service quality. Deontology theory of ethics will support the net neutrality concept because it is against discrimination and it promotes equality. Everyone will get equal access to the open internet. Therefore the Deontology Theory of ethics says that the act of net neutrality is morally permissible and ethically correct act. Virtue Theory The Virtue Ethics theory focuses o the individual character of a person. Virtue ethics does not give importance to consequences or duties (Van Hooft, 2014). Its main focus is the intrinsic motivational force that makes a person good. This theory says that in order to obtain a good outcome there must be internal motivation. The internal motivation gives a sense of happiness from within (Athanassoulis, 2013). The people try to perform some act because it is enjoyable for them. This theory is not based on rules and it gets adapted depending on various situations. This article tells what net neutrality is. The Internet Service Providers are not allowed to discriminate internet traffic. This rule will treat all the internet traffic in an equal manner. This net neutrality gives the European the permission to access open internet. This article also says that NRAs will make sure that internet access quality will reflect the technological advancements. NRA will take necessary measures so that end users get to enjoy the access to open internet and get good service quality. This act will promote equality and it will help the individuals to get motivated and become ethical in nature. People will get access to information and develop themselves and become better human beings. Contract Theory The Contract theory says that people will tend to act in an ethical manner and carry out all the activities in a moral way (Fried, 2015). When there is a contract then the person will feel obligated to form an ethical society. It is extremely ethical to think about the benefit and advantages of the society. The modern version of this theory takes justice to be the basis of an ethical act (K?szegi, 2014). The principle of justice says that every person has got equal rights to get the needed information. This theory does not pay attention to what is fair to every party. This theory believes that if a society needs to sacrifice for its future benefits then that type of sacrifices will be totally acceptable. The internet users pay a certain amount of money to access the internet and the Internet Service Providers on the other hand take the money to provide the users with a certain bandwidth limit. This contract is followed. According to this Contract Theory, the act of net neutrality is ethically correct as it gives access to all web contents to the users of the internet. Conclusion This essay concludes that the act of net neutrality is ethically correct according to all the theories of ethics. This essay assessed net neutrality in terms of Utilitarianism, Deontology, Virtue ethics and Contract theory. This essay describes the concept of all the four classical theories of ethics. Net neutrality provides equal access to the internet to everyone. Therefore it promotes equality and does not appreciate the concept of discrimination. References Athanassoulis, N. (2013).Virtue ethics. AC Black. Baynes, K. (2013).Critical theory. Blackwell Publishing Ltd. Bourreau, M., Kourandi, F., Valletti, T. (2015). Net neutrality with competing internet platforms.The Journal of Industrial Economics,63(1), 30-73. Broad, C. D. (2014).Five types of ethical theory(Vol. 2). Routledge. Fried, C. (2015).Contract as promise: A theory of contractual obligation. Oxford University Press, USA. K?szegi, B. (2014). Behavioral contract theory.Journal of Economic Literature,52(4), 1075-1118. Krmer, J., Wiewiorra, L., Weinhardt, C. (2013). Net neutrality: A progress report.Telecommunications Policy,37(9), 794-813. Open Internet. (2017).Digital Single Market. Retrieved 12 September 2017, from https://ec.europa.eu/digital-single-market/en/eu-actions-net-neutrality Ross, D. (2013).Foundations of ethics. Read Books Ltd. Van Hooft, S. (2014).Understanding virtue ethics. Routledge. Vaughn, L. (2015).Doing ethics: Moral reasoning and contemporary issues. WW Norton Company.